Herniated Disc Injury and Treatment

 A herniated disc (sometimes incorrectly referred to as a ‘slipped disc’) is where the outside of the disc (annulus) develops a tear causing the inside (soft nucleus) to seep through into the spinal canal. The most common location for a disc herniation is the lumbar spine (lower back).

A bulging disc, or disc prolapse differs, it is where the disc protrudes, or bulges outwards, but remains intact. 

Both scenarios can cause the disc to protrude into the spinal canal, causing compression of the nerve roots.

What causes a herniated disc?

A herniated disc injury can be very painful as the disc has protruded into the spinal canal and most likely be placing pressure on nerve roots.

Causes of a herniated disc may include:

·      Progression of a bulging disc – age related wear and tear, heavy lifting, poor posture

·      Trauma including car accident, sudden movement or a sport related injury.

Symptoms of a herniated disc

Symptoms are often more severe than a bulging disc and may include:

·      Intense pain in the buttocks, thigh or calf

·      Tingling, numbness and/or burning sensation down the legs

·      Sharp, shooting pain around the back or down one leg

·      Loss of strength and may have difficulty walking

·      Muscle spasms through the back

Treatment of a herniated disc

Below is a detailed general recovery treatment plan for an acute episode of low back pain:

1. Minimising Pain: Day 1 & 2- The first few days of injuring your back can be debilitating and painful. For many, just getting in and out of bed can be an arduous task. In the first 1-2 days, minimal movement and avoiding activities that aggravate your back is wise. You may choose to take some anti-inflammatory medication (see your doctor for advice). Ice may be appropriate depending on muscle pain and location of this.

2. Increasing Range of Movement and blood flow to the area - After 48 hours it's a good idea to book an appointment with your myotherapist. They will assist you in gaining back some range of movement and helping to relax any muscle tension around the area. They will also be able to provide a thorough assessment and exercises for relief. Remember - scans and imaging are NOT often required for low back pain.

3. Getting back into your normal routine - One of the most important things I recommend those with back pain do is move! Evidence shows it is important to gradually get moving again and partake in your normal day-to-day activities, including lifting, twisting and bending, all of which help to strengthen and regain movement in the back. Avoiding doing such movements will mean a slower recovery. Best of all - walking works wonders for low back pain!

A small number of sufferers may need surgery to provide relief, if your symptoms do not settle after 3 months of non-invasive treatment you should contact your doctor for specialist treatment.